World Book 1997 4.0

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<HTML> <HEAD><TITLE>REFRACTO</TITLE></HEAD> <BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff"> <A HREF="a.dic">A</A> <A HREF="b.dic">B</A> <A HREF="c.dic">C</A> <A HREF="d.dic">D</A> <A HREF="e.dic">E</A> <A HREF="f.dic">F</A> <A HREF="g.dic">G</A> <A HREF="h.dic">H</A> <A HREF="i.dic">I</A> <A HREF="j.dic">J</A> <A HREF="k.dic">K</A> <A HREF="l.dic">L</A> <A HREF="m.dic">M</A> <A HREF="n.dic">N</A> <A HREF="o.dic">O</A> <A HREF="p.dic">P</A> <A HREF="q.dic">Q</A> <A HREF="r.dic">R</A> <A HREF="s.dic">S</A> <A HREF="t.dic">T</A> <A HREF="u.dic">U</A> <A HREF="v.dic">V</A> <A HREF="w.dic">W</A> <A HREF="x.dic">X</A> <A HREF="y.dic">Y</A> <A HREF="z.dic">Z</A> <A NAME="refractility"> refractility, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> the character of being refractile. </DL> <A NAME="refractingtelescope"> refracting telescope,<DL COMPACT><DD> a telescope in which light from the object is gathered and focused by a lens (the objective) and the resulting image is magnified by the eyepiece. Ex. In combination, two double convex lenses can form a refracting telescope (Robert H. Baker). </DL> <A NAME="refraction"> refraction, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1a. the process of turning or bending a ray of light when it passes at an angle from one medium into another of different density. Ex. The refraction of light that gives a diamond its fire is based on certain mathematical laws (New Yorker). <DD> b. the process of turning or bending sound waves, a stream of electrons, etc., when passing from one medium to another of different density. Ex. When a tracking radar is used for guidance of an ICBM or IRBM ... an error in apparent direction of the missile can be produced by refraction of the microwaves in clouds (Kenneth F. Gantz). <DD> 2. the process of measuring refraction of the eye, a lens, or the like. </DL> <A NAME="refractional"> refractional, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> of or having to do with refraction. </DL> <A NAME="refractionate"> refractionate, transitive verb, -ated, -ating.<DL COMPACT><DD> to fractionate again. </DL> <A NAME="refractioncircle"> refraction circle,<DL COMPACT><DD> an instrument with a graduated circle for determining indexes of refraction. </DL> <A NAME="refractionist"> refractionist, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. a person skilled in determining the amount of refraction in a lens. <DD> 2. =optometrist. </DL> <A NAME="refractive"> refractive, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. refracting; having power to refract. <DD> 2. having to do with or caused by refraction. adv. refractively. noun refractiveness. </DL> <A NAME="refractiveindex"> refractive index, =index of refraction.</DL> <A NAME="refractivity"> refractivity, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> the quality or condition of being refractive. </DL> <A NAME="refractometer"> refractometer, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. an instrument for measuring refraction. Ex. Typical of automatic control of the quality of products is the recent commercial introduction of refractometers for monitoring processes involving liquids (David M. Kiefer). <DD> 2. an instrument for determining the refractive condition of the eye. </DL> <A NAME="refractometric"> refractometric, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> having to do with the measurement of refractive indexes. </DL> <A NAME="refractometry"> refractometry, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> the use of refractometers. </DL> <A NAME="refractor"> refractor, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. anything that refracts light rays, waves, sound, and other physical forces. <DD> 2. =refracting telescope. </DL> <A NAME="refractorily"> refractorily, adverb.<DL COMPACT><DD> stubbornly; obstinately. </DL> <A NAME="refractoriness"> refractoriness, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> a refractory quality or condition. </DL> <A NAME="refractory"> refractory, adjective, noun, pl. -ries.<DL COMPACT><DD>adj. 1. hard to manage; stubborn; obstinate. Ex. Mules are refractory. <DD> 2. not yielding readily to treatment. Ex. She had a refractory cough. <DD> 3. hard to melt, reduce, or work. Ex. Some ores are more refractory than others. The shock wave ... has a temperature ... several times the melting temperature of tungsten, the most refractory of metals (Atlantic). <DD> 4a. (of a muscle, nerve, or other organ or organism) that responds less readily to stimulation after a response. <DD> b. of the period in which this occurs. <DD>noun 1a. an ore, cement, ceramic material, or similar substance that is hard to melt, reduce, or work. <DD> b. a brick made of refractory material, as used for lining furnaces. <DD> 2. (Obsolete.) a refractory person. </DL> <A NAME="refrain"> refrain (1), intransitive verb.<DL COMPACT><DD> to hold oneself back, especially from satisfying a momentary impulse; abstain. Ex. Refrain from wrongdoing. I have hitherto refrained from appealing to you (George Bernard Shaw). <DD>v.t. 1. (Archaic.) to hold back; restrain. Ex. I have refrained my feet from every evil way (Psalms 119:101). <DD> 2. (Obsolete.) to keep from; abstain. noun refrainer. </DL> <A NAME="refrain"> refrain (2), noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1a. a phrase or verse repeated regularly in a song or poem, especially at the end of each stanza; chorus. In "The Star-Spangled Banner" the refrain is "O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave." <DD> b. (Figurative). Ex. One hears the same refrain across the country: "What difference would my vote make?" (James Reston). "We are not afraid, we are not afraid," the soldiers kept telling me, repeating a refrain as if they were trying to convince themselves (Donald Kirk). <DD> 2. the music for the refrain of a song. </DL> <A NAME="reframe"> reframe, transitive verb, -framed, -framing.<DL COMPACT><DD> to frame anew. </DL> <A NAME="refrangibility"> refrangibility, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. the property of being refrangible. <DD> 2. the amount of refraction (as of light rays) that is possible. </DL> <A NAME="refrangible"> refrangible, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> that can be refracted. Ex. Rays of light are refrangible. noun refrangibleness. </DL> <A NAME="refreeze"> refreeze, transitive verb, -froze, -frozen, -freezing.<DL COMPACT><DD> to freeze a second time. </DL> <A NAME="refresh"> refresh, transitive verb.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. to make fresh again; renew. Ex. His bath refreshed him. She refreshed herself with a cup of tea. (SYN) freshen, renovate, revive, enliven. <DD> 2. to restore to a certain condition by furnishing a fresh supply; replenish. Ex. He refreshed his memory by a glance at the book. The trappers refreshed their winter food supplies by hunting. <DD>v.i. to become fresh again. </DL> <A NAME="refresher"> refresher, adjective, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD>adj. helping to renew knowledge or abilities, or to bring a person new needed knowledge. Ex. to take a refresher course in typing. <DD>noun 1. a person or thing that refreshes. Ex. Lemonade on a hot day is a good refresher. <DD> 2. a reminder. <DD> 3. (Especially British.) an extra fee paid to a lawyer in a prolonged case. </DL> <A NAME="refreshing"> refreshing, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. that refreshes. Ex. a cool, refreshing drink, refreshing sleep. <DD> 2. welcome as a pleasing change. Ex. It was refreshing to have a steak after so many meals of hamburger. adv. refreshingly. noun refreshingness. </DL> <A NAME="refreshment"> refreshment, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. the act of refreshing or fact of being refreshed. Ex. the refreshment of getting away from too much television. <DD> 2. a thing that refreshes. Ex. Iced tea is a good refreshment on a hot afternoon. expr. refreshments, food or drink. Ex. Cake and lemonade were the refreshments at our party. </DL> <A NAME="refrigerant"> refrigerant, noun, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD>noun 1. something that cools; refrigerating agent. Ice is a refrigerant. <DD> 2. a liquid or gas such as ammonia, used in mechanical refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioners to produce a low temperature. <DD> 3. a medicine for reducing fever. Ex. Aspirin and quinine are refrigerants. <DD>adj. 1. refrigerating; cooling. <DD> 2. reducing bodily heat or fever. </DL> <A NAME="refrigerate"> refrigerate, transitive verb, -ated, -ating.<DL COMPACT><DD> to make or keep (food, drinks, laboratory supplies, or scientific specimens) cold or cool. Ex. Milk, meat, and ice cream must be refrigerated to prevent spoiling. </DL> <A NAME="refrigeration"> refrigeration, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> the act or process of cooling or keeping cold. </DL> <A NAME="refrigerative"> refrigerative, adjective, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD>adj. that refrigerates. <DD>noun something that refrigerates. </DL> <A NAME="refrigerator"> refrigerator, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> 1. a box, room, or other enclosed area for keeping foods and other items cool. An electric refrigerator cools without ice. <DD> 2. something that cools. </DL> <A NAME="refrigeratory"> refrigeratory, adjective, noun, pl. -ries.<DL COMPACT><DD>adj. that refrigerates. <DD>noun a refrigerant or refrigerator. </DL> <A NAME="refringency"> refringency, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> refringent or refractive power. </DL> <A NAME="refringent"> refringent, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> refracting; refractive. Ex. a refringent prism. </DL> <A NAME="refsp"> Ref. Sp.,<DL COMPACT><DD> reformed spelling. </DL> <A NAME="reft"> reft (1), verb.<DL COMPACT><DD> (Archaic.) reaved; a past tense and a past participle of reave (1); deprived by force. Ex. The barons reft King John of his power. </DL> <A NAME="reft"> reft (2), verb.<DL COMPACT><DD> (Archaic.) reaved; a past tense and past participle of reave (2). </DL> <A NAME="refuel"> refuel, verb, -eled, -eling or (especially British) -elled, -elling.<DL COMPACT><DD>v.t. to supply with fuel again. <DD>v.i. to take on a fresh supply of fuel. Ex. A Boeing KC-97 tanker ... feeds a Boeing B-47 jet medium bomber by the "flying boom" method, one of two principal ways to refuel in midair (New York Times). </DL> <A NAME="refuelable"> refuelable or (especially British) refuellable, adjective.<DL COMPACT><DD> that can be refueled. Ex. a refuelable rocket booster. </DL> <A NAME="refueler"> refueler or (especially British) refueller, noun.<DL COMPACT><DD> a person or thing that refuels. </DL> <A HREF="refuge.dic">NEXT</A>